Principles of Chechen and Circassian Ethics

Principles of Chechen ethics and culture
From Musa Ahmadov Chechen Traditional Culture and Ethics
Russian text

1. Laram (respect)
2. Sii (dignity, credit, honor)
3. Marsho (personal freedom)
4. Niiso (justice)
5. Sobar (patience)
6. Mairalla (courage)
7. Yakh (pride, dignity, competition in good things), özda yakh (noble pride)
8. Kinkhetam (compassion, mercy)
9. Komärshalla (generosity)
10. Tesham (trustworthiness)
11. Dekhar (duty, responsibility)
12. Iekh-bekhk (conscience)


Principles of Chechen ethics
According to Said-Magomed Haziev (Russian text) and Lecha Ilyasov (Russian text)

1. Adamalla (humanity)
2. Kinkhetam (compassion, mercy)
3. Laram (respect)
4. Tsano (moral purity)
5. Niiso (justice)
6. Bako (truthfulness)
7. Yükh (respect, honor, good reputation; literally: face)
8. Iekh (conscience)
9. Sii (dignity, credit, honor)
10. Ghillakh (etiquette)
11. Özdangalla (politeness, inner culture, nobility)
12. Sobar (patience)


Highest virtues in Vainakh mentality
According to S.-H. M. Nunuyev
Russian text

1. Adamalla (humanity)
2. Konakhalla (courage, dignity)
3. Stogalla (courage, resilience)
4. Mairalla (bravery, courage, valor)
5. Dönalla (resilience)
6. Özdangalla (ethics, politeness)
7. Nokhchalla (moral and ethical norms that compose Chechen mentality; literally, "Chechen-ness")


Principles of Nokhchalla
From Abu Usmailov Dosh
Russian text

1. Freedom
2. Honor
3. Dignity
4. Humanity
5. Nobility
6. Trustworthiness
7. Resilience
8. Valor
9. Courage
10. Bravery
11. Grandeur of spirit


Principles of Circassian ethics
From B. H. Bgazhnokov Adyg Ethics
Russian text

1. Tsykhughe (humanity)
a) Psape (charity and salvation of soul)
b) Gusheghu (empathy)
c) Gutlyte (moral attention)
d) Gukek (moral memory)
e) Fyshe (thankfulness)
2. Nemys (respect)
a) Adyghe shenkhabze (Adyg etiquette)
b) Tsykum i nemys (ethical immunity of a person)
3. Akyl (intelligence)
a) Tsykhu khetykhe (skill of being among people)
b) Zekhe-shyk (moral understanding)
c) Farde (sense of measure)
4. Tlyghe (courage)
a) Khakhuaghe (valor)
b) Kamy-landge (resilience)
c) Temak kykhaghe (tolerance)
d) Tlyfyghe (courage and nobility)
5. Nape (honor, conscience, reputation; literally: face)
a) Emyku-eku (knowledge of proper and improper things)
b) Shyne-ukyte (ethical fear)